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Ireland’s commitment to strategic partnership with Small Island Developing States (SIDS), through Our Shared Ocean was highlighted throughout the UN Ocean Decade Conference, which took place in Barcelona last week.

In her opening remarks to the Conference, UNESCO Director General Audrey Azoulay thanked Ireland for its overall contribution to Small Island Developing States and the growing impact of the Our Shared Ocean Programme within the Ocean Decade in reference to the co-creation of a training course for Caribbean (SIDS) that will focus on the principle Co-Design.

In the closing plenary session, Director of Policy Innovation and Research Support Services at the Marine Institute, Niall McDonough addressed delegates to introduce the Programme and to pledge further commitments to SIDS in support of existing project teams and initiatives.

During the closing session of the conference, Vidar Helgesen, Executive Secretary of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and Assistant Director-General of UNESCO, unveiled the Barcelona Statement, a crucial roadmap for the coming years which identifies the areas where ocean solutions must be accelerated. He highlighted Our Shared Ocean’s pledge of additional funding through Irish Aid & the Marine Institute, as one of the major commitments of the Barcelona Statement, which places an emphasis on cross-cutting issues that must be addressed to ensure the success of the Ocean Decade.

In the closing plenary session of the the UN Ocean Decade Conference, Director of Policy Innovation and Research Support Services at the Marine Institute, Niall McDonough addressed delegates to introduce the Programme and to pledge further commitments to SIDS in support of existing project teams and initiativesIn the closing plenary session of the the UN Ocean Decade Conference, Director of Policy Innovation and Research Support Services at the Marine Institute, Niall McDonough addressed delegates to introduce the Programme and to pledge further commitments to SIDS in support of existing project teams and initiatives

Through Ireland’s development cooperation programme, Irish Aid, the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) and the Marine Institute have established ‘Our Shared Ocean’ to support research, knowledge exchange and capacity building in partnership with SIDS. The programme will run until December 2026 with a total investment of €3.8 million funded by the DFA, and administered by the Marine Institute.

Our Shared Ocean will establish and grow research partnerships between Irish institutions and international counterparts, providing research and technical support to assist eligible SIDS in addressing specific ocean and climate-related challenges within one of three thematic pillars:

  • Oceans & Climate Action
  • Inclusive and Sustainable Blue Economy
  • Marine Policy & Ocean Governance

Our Shared Ocean was endorsed as a Decade Action in 2023 and has worked in collaboration with the Ocean Decade team since to develop an online training course in the principles of Co-Design with Caribbean partners. Co-Design is often highlighted as a key barrier to SIDS accessing international developmental Aid.

Key announcements at the UN Ocean Decade ConferenceKey announcements at the UN Ocean Decade Conference

Our Shared Ocean has consistently endeavoured to remove such barriers including, increased eligibility of SIDS nations and Directly Funding projects within SIDS institutions.

While attending the conference, the Our Shared Ocean team co-hosted an event on ‘Co-Design within the Ocean Decade’ to highlight the importance of Co-Design in developing effective solutions to critical ocean and environmental challenges.

Published in Marine Planning
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The Ocean Race has joined forces with the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC-UNESCO) to help increase understanding of the ocean and inspire action to protect it.

Their new partnership hopes to contribute to global ocean action in what is set to be a significant year for the seas — starting with the One Ocean Summit in Brest, France which starts today (Wednesday 9 February) and aims to increase international action and drive tangible commitments.

The new collaboration combines The Ocean Race’s experience of the seas, from nearly 50 years of around-the-world racing, with IOC-UNESCO’s leadership in ocean science and sustainable ocean management.

It will use the race’s global platform to raise awareness of the impact that people are having on the ocean and the vital role that it plays in our lives.

As an ‘Impact Collaborator’, IOC-UNESCO will work with The Ocean Race on its science programme which gathers data about the state of the marine environment, including in remote parts of the ocean that are largely inaccessible to research vessels.

The partners will work together to ensure the data collected by the sailing teams helps to advance ocean research with the support of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030), which is now in its second year.

Data will contribute to the IOC-UNESCO-led Global Ocean Observing System and other organisations who are tracking key ocean threats, such as marine debris, microplastics and acidification — a key indicator of climate change.

Vladimir Ryabinin, Executive Secretary of IOC-UNESCO, said: “Creating the ocean we want by 2030 – an ocean that is healthy, resilient, sustainable, safe, and inspiring – is the central objective of the UN Ocean Decade, and from the start it has been clear that we need to broadly partner across science, government, philanthropy and civil society to achieve that.

“Since 2015 we have been in partnership with the sailing world through the IMOCA Class, and I think our new partnership with The Ocean Race demonstrates this community’s growing commitment to understanding and protecting the ocean.”

The Relay4Nature baton on route to One Ocean Summit in Brest, France onboard Alan Roura Racing | Credit: Austin Wong/The Ocean RaceThe Relay4Nature baton on route to One Ocean Summit in Brest, France onboard Alan Roura Racing | Credit: Austin Wong/The Ocean Race

IOC-UNESCO will also be involved in The Ocean Race Summits, which bring together global decision-makers to help to drive new and improved policies to protect and govern the ocean, and will help to amplify The Ocean Race’s Learning programme, which teaches children about the importance of the seas.

During the next round-the-world race, which starts in January 2023, the partners will engage children in the eight Race Villages where ocean health will be a central theme.

Richard Brisius, race chairman at The Ocean Race, said: “The Ocean Race and IOC-UNESCO share a common goal of raising awareness of the vital role that the ocean plays in sustaining all life on Earth. Only by growing understanding of our blue planet can we drive greater action to protect it.

“We share the same values as the IOC and by combining their expertise in ocean science and our global platform we can inspire audiences — like the sailing community, sports industry, businesses, host cities, governments, fans and sponsors — to make change that supports a healthy, thriving ocean.”

The collaboration builds on the growing relationship between the two organisations, which has included Dr Ryabinin speaking at The Ocean Race Summit in The Hague in 2020 and the endorsement of several of The Ocean Race’s activities by the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

The UN Decade is a global movement to unlock the knowledge needed to reverse the cycle of decline in ocean health and create improved conditions for sustainable development of the ocean.

Partnerships are a key element of The Ocean Race’s award-winning ‘Racing with Purpose’ sustainability programme, which brings together a range of tangible ways that the race can have a positive impact on the marine environment.

Working with 11th Hour Racing — founding partner of the Racing with Purpose programme and a Premier Partner of The Ocean Race — the race organisers are holding high-level summits to drive global decision-makers to create policies to protect and govern the ocean, contributing vital data about the state of the seas to leading scientific organisations, equipping children with the knowledge to help the ocean and much more.

Published in Ocean Race
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Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) - FAQS

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are geographically defined maritime areas where human activities are managed to protect important natural or cultural resources. In addition to conserving marine species and habitats, MPAs can support maritime economic activity and reduce the effects of climate change and ocean acidification.

MPAs can be found across a range of marine habitats, from the open ocean to coastal areas, intertidal zones, bays and estuaries. Marine protected areas are defined areas where human activities are managed to protect important natural or cultural resources.

The world's first MPA is said to have been the Fort Jefferson National Monument in Florida, North America, which covered 18,850 hectares of sea and 35 hectares of coastal land. This location was designated in 1935, but the main drive for MPAs came much later. The current global movement can be traced to the first World Congress on National Parks in 1962, and initiation in 1976 of a process to deliver exclusive rights to sovereign states over waters up to 200 nautical miles out then began to provide new focus

The Rio ‘Earth Summit’ on climate change in 1992 saw a global MPA area target of 10% by the 2010 deadline. When this was not met, an “Aichi target 11” was set requiring 10% coverage by 2020. There has been repeated efforts since then to tighten up MPA requirements.

Marae Moana is a multiple-use marine protected area created on July 13th 2017 by the government of the Cook islands in the south Pacific, north- east of New Zealand. The area extends across over 1.9 million square kilometres. However, In September 2019, Jacqueline Evans, a prominent marine biologist and Goldman environmental award winner who was openly critical of the government's plans for seabed mining, was replaced as director of the park by the Cook Islands prime minister’s office. The move attracted local media criticism, as Evans was responsible for developing the Marae Moana policy and the Marae Moana Act, She had worked on raising funding for the park, expanding policy and regulations and developing a plan that designates permitted areas for industrial activities.

Criteria for identifying and selecting MPAs depends on the overall objective or direction of the programme identified by the coastal state. For example, if the objective is to safeguard ecological habitats, the criteria will emphasise habitat diversity and the unique nature of the particular area.

Permanence of MPAs can vary internationally. Some are established under legislative action or under a different regulatory mechanism to exist permanently into the future. Others are intended to last only a few months or years.

Yes, Ireland has MPA cover in about 2.13 per cent of our waters. Although much of Ireland’s marine environment is regarded as in “generally good condition”, according to an expert group report for Government published in January 2021, it says that biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation are of “wide concern due to increasing pressures such as overexploitation, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change”.

The Government has set a target of 30 per cent MPA coverage by 2030, and moves are already being made in that direction. However, environmentalists are dubious, pointing out that a previous target of ten per cent by 2020 was not met.

Conservation and sustainable management of the marine environment has been mandated by a number of international agreements and legal obligations, as an expert group report to government has pointed out. There are specific requirements for area-based protection in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), the OSPAR Convention, the UN Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 

Yes, the Marine Strategy Framework directive (2008/56/EC) required member states to put measures in place to achieve or maintain good environmental status in their waters by 2020. Under the directive a coherent and representative network of MPAs had to be created by 2016.

Ireland was about halfway up the EU table in designating protected areas under existing habitats and bird directives in a comparison published by the European Commission in 2009. However, the Fair Seas campaign, an environmental coalition formed in 2022, points out that Ireland is “lagging behind “ even our closest neighbours, such as Scotland which has 37 per cent. The Fair Seas campaign wants at least 10 per cent of Irish waters to be designated as “fully protected” by 2025, and “at least” 30 per cent by 2030.

Nearly a quarter of Britain’s territorial waters are covered by MPAs, set up to protect vital ecosystems and species. However, a conservation NGO, Oceana, said that analysis of fishing vessel tracking data published in The Guardian in October 2020 found that more than 97% of British MPAs created to safeguard ocean habitats, are being dredged and bottom trawled. 

There’s the rub. Currently, there is no definition of an MPA in Irish law, and environment protections under the Wildlife Acts only apply to the foreshore.

Current protection in marine areas beyond 12 nautical miles is limited to measures taken under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives or the OSPAR Convention. This means that habitats and species that are not listed in the EU Directives, but which may be locally, nationally or internationally important, cannot currently be afforded the necessary protection

Yes. In late March 2022, Minister for Housing Darragh O’Brien said that the Government had begun developing “stand-alone legislation” to enable identification, designation and management of MPAs to meet Ireland’s national and international commitments.

Yes. Environmental groups are not happy, as they have pointed out that legislation on marine planning took precedence over legislation on MPAs, due to the push to develop offshore renewable energy.

No, but some activities may be banned or restricted. Extraction is the main activity affected as in oil and gas activities; mining; dumping; and bottom trawling

The Government’s expert group report noted that MPA designations are likely to have the greatest influence on the “capture fisheries, marine tourism and aquaculture sectors”. It said research suggests that the net impacts on fisheries could ultimately be either positive or negative and will depend on the type of fishery involved and a wide array of other factors.

The same report noted that marine tourism and recreation sector can substantially benefit from MPA designation. However, it said that the “magnitude of the benefits” will depend to a large extent on the location of the MPA sites within the network and the management measures put in place.

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